The ban and its aftermath
In the days leading up to the 2025 protests, authorities ordered internet service providers to block access to dozens of platforms, including Facebook, Instagram, X, and YouTube, citing non-compliance with new registration rules. When demonstrators mobilised against both corruption and the perceived attempt to silence criticism, security forces responded with force, and at least 19 people were killed before the government lifted the ban amid mounting outrage. ## Rights and regulation
Amnesty International and domestic advocates have argued that while states have legitimate regulatory interests, restrictions on platforms must meet international human-rights standards of legality, necessity, and proportionality. The abrupt, sweeping nature of Nepal's measures and the subsequent reversal highlighted the absence of clear procedural safeguards and independent oversight for digital restrictions. ## Looking ahead
With a younger, more digitally native parliament, there is an opportunity to craft transparent rules on content moderation, data protection, and platform responsibilities that protect users while limiting arbitrary executive action. How lawmakers update cyber and media laws will influence not only freedom of expression but also investor confidence in Nepal's broader technology and startup ecosystem.